Messier Object List

The Messier Object List is a collection of amazing astronomical objects that you can see from Earth.

It was put together by a French astronomer named Charles Messier a long time ago, in the late 1700s.

Originally created to help find comets by listing objects that look like comets, this list is now really important for studying the universe.

It helps us see lots of different things in space and understand more about how it all works.

Messier 1 (NGC 1952): Crab Nebula

Messier 1, also known as the Crab Nebula, is a supernova remnant located in the constellation of Taurus.

It was formed from a massive stellar explosion observed by Chinese astronomers in 1054 AD.

  • Object Type: Supernova remnant
  • Const. Location: Taurus
  • Designations: Messier 1, M1, Crab Nebula, NGC 1952, Sharpless 244, LBN 833, 3C 144

The Crab Nebula emits radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum, including visible light, X-rays, and radio waves.

Its mesmerizing appearance and historical significance make it one of the most studied and recognized objects in the night sky.

Messier 2 (NGC 7089)

Messier 2, also designated as NGC 7089, is a globular cluster situated in the constellation of Aquarius.

Containing hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 2 is one of the largest globular clusters known in our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Aquarius
  • Designations: Messier 2, M2, NGC 7089, GC 4678, Bode 70

This cluster formed around 13 billion years ago, making it one of the oldest objects in the Milky Way.

Its dense core and tightly packed stars create a beautiful spherical shape visible even with small telescopes.

Messier 3 (NGC 5272)

Messier 3, or NGC 5272, stands as a dazzling globular cluster located in the constellation of Canes Venatici.

Comprising around 500,000 stars, Messier 3 is one of the most populous globular clusters within the Milky Way.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Canes Venatici
  • Designations: Messier 3, M3, NGC 5272, GCl 25, C 1339+286

This cluster formed roughly 8 billion years ago, making it relatively ancient in cosmic terms.

Its dense core and outer regions offer a stunning view through telescopes, captivating observers worldwide.

Messier 4 (NGC 6121)

Messier 4, also cataloged as NGC 6121, represents a mesmerizing globular cluster found in the constellation of Scorpius.

Hosting tens of thousands of stars, Messier 4 is considered one of the closest globular clusters to Earth, lying just 7,200 light-years away.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Scorpius
  • Designations: Messier 4, M4, NGC 6121

This cluster formed approximately 12 billion years ago, making it one of the oldest globular clusters in the Milky Way.

Its densely packed stars and distinct spherical shape make it a captivating sight for both amateur and professional astronomers alike.

Messier 5 (NGC 5904)

Messier 5, also known as NGC 5904, is a globular cluster located in the constellation of Serpens.

Comprising hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 5 ranks among the largest globular clusters in the Milky Way galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Serpens
  • Designations: Messier 5, M5, NGC 5904, GCl 34, C 1516+022

This cluster formed over 13 billion years ago, making it one of the oldest known globular clusters.

Its densely packed core and surrounding halo of stars make it a captivating sight through telescopes, delighting observers with its intricate beauty.

Messier 6 (NGC 6405): Butterfly Cluster

Messier 6, famously dubbed the Butterfly Cluster, is a stunning open star cluster nestled within the constellation of Scorpius.

With its distinctive shape resembling a butterfly’s wings, Messier 6 is a captivating sight in the night sky.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Scorpius
  • Designations: Butterfly Cluster, Messier 6, M6, NGC 6405, Collinder 341, Lund 769, Melotte 178, OCL 1030, ESO 455-SC030, Lac. III.12

This cluster is relatively young, estimated to be around 100 million years old, showcasing a rich tapestry of hot, young stars.

Its luminous stars and unique form make the Butterfly Cluster a favorite target for stargazers and astrophotographers alike.

Messier 7 (NGC 6475): Ptolemy’s Cluster

Messier 7, also referred to as NGC 6475 or the Ptolemy’s Cluster, presents a stunning open star cluster situated in the constellation of Scorpius.

Containing over 80 stars visible to the naked eye, the Ptolemy’s Cluster is one of the most prominent open clusters in the sky.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Scorpius
  • Designations: Messier 7, M7, Ptolemy’s Cluster, NGC 6475, Collinder 354, Lac. II.14

This cluster formed roughly 220 million years ago, making it relatively young compared to other celestial objects.

Its stars are loosely bound together, creating a striking visual against the backdrop of the Milky Way’s star-studded band.

Messier 8 (NGC 6523): Lagoon Nebula

Messier 8, commonly known as the Lagoon Nebula or cataloged as NGC 6523, graces the constellation Sagittarius with its celestial beauty.

This stunning emission nebula spans about 100 light-years across and lies roughly 4,000 to 6,000 light-years away from Earth.

  • Object Type: Emission nebula with cluster
  • Const. Location: Sagittarius
  • Designations: Messier 8, M8, NGC 6523, Lagoon Nebula, Sharpless 25, RCW 146, Gum 72

Within its colorful clouds of gas and dust, new stars are actively forming, adding to its dynamic and ever-evolving nature.

The Lagoon Nebula’s striking appearance and ongoing star formation make it a popular target for astronomers and astrophotographers alike.

Messier 9 (NGC 6333)

Messier 9, also known as NGC 6333, is a captivating globular cluster nestled within the constellation of Ophiuchus.

Containing roughly 250,000 stars, Messier 9 is a moderately populous globular cluster, exhibiting a dense core.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Ophiuchus
  • Designations: Messier 9, M9, NGC 6333, ESO 587-SC 005, h 1979, h 3677

This cluster formed over 12 billion years ago, making it one of the oldest globular clusters in the Milky Way.

Its compact size and intricate stellar arrangement make it a rewarding target for observers with moderate-sized telescopes.

Messier 10 (NGC 6254)

Messier 10, also recognized as NGC 6254, showcases a striking globular cluster nestled in the constellation of Ophiuchus.

Comprising thousands of stars, Messier 10 exhibits a dense core and a halo of stars extending outward.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Ophiuchus
  • Designations: Messier 10, M10, NGC 6254, GCl-49

This cluster formed approximately 14 billion years ago, making it one of the oldest known globular clusters in the Milky Way.

Its compact yet radiant appearance through telescopes offers a glimpse into the ancient history of our galaxy.

Messier 11 (NGC 6705): Wild Duck Cluster

Messier 11, famously known as the Wild Duck Cluster or NGC 6705, showcases a stunning congregation of young stars in the constellation of Scutum.

With its striking resemblance to a flock of ducks in flight, the Wild Duck Cluster is a spectacular sight in the night sky.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Scutum
  • Designations: Messier 11, M11, Wild Duck Cluster, NGC 6705, Collinder 391, C 1848-063, Melotte 213

This open star cluster formed around 220 million years ago, making it relatively young compared to other astronomical objects.

Its vibrant collection of stars, ranging in ages and colors, offers a captivating view through telescopes, delighting stargazers of all ages.

Messier 12 (NGC 6218): Gumball Globular

Messier 12, or NGC 6218, is affectionately known as the “Gumball Globular” due to its round, compact appearance resembling a gumball.

Situated in the constellation of Ophiuchus, Messier 12 contains tens of thousands of stars tightly packed together.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Ophiuchus
  • Designations: Messier 12, M12, NGC 6218, C 1644-018, GCl 46

This globular cluster formed around 15 billion years ago, making it one of the oldest objects in the Milky Way.

Its dense core and outer regions provide a stunning spectacle when viewed through telescopes, delighting stargazers with its celestial beauty.

Messier 13 (NGC 6205): Hercules Globular Cluster

Messier 13, known as NGC 6205, shines as a spectacular globular cluster situated in the constellation of Hercules.

With an estimated 300,000 stars, Messier 13 is celebrated as one of the brightest and most prominent globular clusters visible from Earth.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Hercules
  • Designations: Hercules Globular Cluster, Great Globular Cluster in Hercules, Messier 13, M13, NGC 6205, C 1639+365, GCl 45, MWSC 2445, 2MASX J16414163+3627407

This cluster formed around 11.65 billion years ago, making it one of the oldest objects in the Milky Way galaxy.

Its tight concentration of stars creates a dazzling, spherical appearance, making it a favorite target for stargazers and astronomers worldwide.

Messier 14 (NGC 6402)

Messier 14, also known as NGC 6402, is a striking globular cluster nestled within the constellation of Ophiuchus.

Comprising hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 14 stands as one of the densest and most luminous globular clusters in our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Global Cluster
  • Const. Location: Ophiuchus
  • Designations: Messier 14, M14, NGC 6402, BD-03 4142, C 1735-032, GCl 72, HD 159974, GCRV 10179, MWSC 2643

This cluster formed over 11 billion years ago, making it one of the oldest objects in the Milky Way, with stars packed tightly together in a spherical shape.

Its resplendent appearance and remarkable age make Messier 14 a captivating subject for astronomers seeking to understand the universe’s evolution.

Messier 15 (NGC 7078): Great Pegasus Cluster

Messier 15, also known as NGC 7078 or the Great Pegasus Cluster, is a stunning globular cluster residing in the constellation of Pegasus.

With a population of over 100,000 stars, Messier 15 is one of the densest and most compact globular clusters in the Milky Way.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Pegasus
  • Designations: Messier 15, M15, NGC 7078, GCl 120, C 2127+119, MWSC 3518

This cluster formed around 12 billion years ago, making it one of the oldest known globular clusters in our galaxy.

Its central region exhibits a remarkable concentration of stars, creating a brilliant core that shines brightly in the night sky.

Messier 16 (NGC 6611): Eagle Nebula

Messier 16, famously known as the Eagle Nebula and cataloged as NGC 6611, resides within the constellation of Serpens.

The Eagle Nebula is a vast region of gas and dust where new stars are actively forming, giving rise to its iconic “Pillars of Creation” feature.

  • Object Type: Emission nebula with cluster
  • Const. Location: Serpens
  • Designations: Eagle Nebula, Messier 16, M16, NGC 6611, IC 4703, Star Queen Nebula, The Spire, Sharpless 49, RCW 165, Gum 83, Collinder 375, C 1816-138, CTB 51

Located approximately 7,000 light-years away from Earth, Messier 16 showcases the beauty of stellar birth and evolution.

Its striking appearance, immortalized by the Hubble Space Telescope, continues to inspire wonder and fascination among stargazers and scientists alike.

Messier 17 (NGC 6618): Omega Nebula

Messier 17, famously known as the Omega Nebula or NGC 6618, is a stunning emission nebula located in the constellation of Sagittarius.

With its distinctive shape resembling the Greek letter Omega, this nebula is a stellar nursery, actively forming new stars.

  • Object Type: Sagittarius
  • Const. Location: Sagittarius
  • Designations: Omega Nebula, Messier 17, M17, NGC 6618, Sharpless 45, RCW 160, Gum 81, Collinder 377, LBN 60, Swan Nebula, Lobster Nebula, Horseshoe Nebula, Checkmark Nebula

The Omega Nebula lies around 5,500 light-years away from Earth and spans an impressive 15 light-years in diameter.

Its vibrant colors and intricate details make it a favorite target for astrophotographers and astronomers exploring the wonders of the cosmos.

Messier 18 (NGC 6613)

Messier 18, identified as NGC 6613, stands as a captivating open star cluster nestled within the constellation of Sagittarius.

Comprised of young, hot stars, Messier 18 is a stellar nursery, where new stars form from the surrounding gas and dust.

  • Object Type: Open Cluster
  • Const. Location: Sagittarius
  • Designations: Messier 18, M18, NGC 6613, C 1817-171, MWSC 2892

This cluster is relatively young, with an estimated age of around 32 million years, compared to the billions of years old globular clusters.

Its sparkling stars, visible through telescopes, offer a glimpse into the dynamic process of star formation within our galaxy.

Messier 19 (NGC 6273)

Messier 19, also known as NGC 6273, is a globular cluster situated in the constellation of Ophiuchus.

With an estimated age of around 11.7 billion years, Messier 19 is one of the oldest globular clusters in our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Ophiuchus
  • Designations: Messier 19, M19, NGC 6273, GCl 52, C 1659-262, MWSC 2519

Containing thousands of stars, this cluster exhibits a distinctive elongated shape, likely due to tidal forces from the Milky Way’s gravitational pull.

Its remarkable age and unique morphology make Messier 19 a fascinating object for astronomers to study and admire.

Messier 20 (NGC 6514): Trifid Nebula

Messier 20, famously known as the Trifid Nebula and cataloged as NGC 6514, graces the constellation of Sagittarius with its intricate beauty.

This nebula derives its name from the dark lanes of dust that divide it into three distinct lobes, resembling a trifid or three-lobed structure.

  • Object Type: Sagittarius
  • Const. Location: Emission, reflection and dark nebula with cluster
  • Designations: Messier 20, M20, Trifid Nebula, NGC 6514, Sharpless 30, RCW 147, Gum 76, C 1759-230, Collinder 360, LBN 27, MWSC 2789, OCl 23.0

A stellar nursery, Messier 20 hosts newborn stars within its glowing clouds of gas and dust, fueling ongoing star formation.

Visible even with small telescopes, the Trifid Nebula captivates observers with its striking colors and intricate details, making it a favorite target for amateur and professional astronomers alike.

Messier 21 (NGC 6531)

Messier 21, also identified as NGC 6531, presents itself as a youthful open star cluster located in the constellation of Sagittarius.

Comprising a collection of young, hot stars, Messier 21 is estimated to be around 4.6 million years old, making it relatively young in cosmic terms.

  • Object Type: Open Cluster
  • Const. Location: Sagittarius
  • Designations: Messier 21, M21, NGC 6531, OCl 26.0, MWSC 2796, GC 372, C 1801-225

The cluster’s stars were likely formed from the same giant molecular cloud, bound together by their mutual gravitational attraction.

Its dazzling appearance and proximity to other prominent celestial objects in Sagittarius make Messier 21 a popular target for stargazers and astrophotographers.

Messier 22 (NGC 6656): Saggitarius Cluster

Messier 22, also referred to as the Sagittarius Cluster and cataloged as NGC 6656, stands as a dazzling globular cluster situated in the constellation of Sagittarius.

This cluster is one of the brightest globular clusters visible from Earth, containing hundreds of thousands of stars packed tightly together.

  • Object Type: Global Cluster
  • Const. Location: Sagittartius
  • Designations: Messier 22, M22, NGC 6656, GCl 99, C 1833-239, MWSC 2961, Lacaille I.12

With an estimated age of about 12 billion years, Messier 22 is one of the oldest globular clusters known in the Milky Way.

Its dense core and surrounding halo of stars make it a stunning sight through telescopes, captivating observers with its celestial beauty.

Messier 23 (NGC 6494)

Messier 23, also known as NGC 6494, is a breathtaking open star cluster located in the constellation of Sagittarius.

Comprised of several hundred stars, Messier 23 shines brightly against the backdrop of the Milky Way.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Sagittarius
  • Designations: Messier 23, M23, NGC 6494, Collinder 356, C 1753-190, MWSC 2757

This cluster formed relatively recently, with an estimated age of around 220 million years, making it a relatively young stellar group.

Its sparkling stars, visible to the naked eye in dark skies, make Messier 23 a delightful target for amateur astronomers.

Messier 24 (IC 4715): Sagittarius Star Cloud

Messier 24, famously dubbed the Sagittarius Star Cloud and also cataloged as IC 4715, is a mesmerizing region of the Milky Way found in the constellation of Sagittarius.

Rather than being a traditional star cluster, Messier 24 is a dense concentration of stars and gas clouds that stretches across a vast expanse of space.

  • Object Type: Milky Way star cloud
  • Const. Location: Sagittarius
  • Designations: Messier 24, M24, IC 4715, Sagittarius Star Cloud, Small Sagittarius Star Cloud, Delle Caustiche

This celestial marvel serves as a window into the heart of our galaxy, offering astronomers insight into its structure and composition.

Visible to the naked eye as a hazy patch of light, Messier 24 enchants stargazers with its ethereal beauty and astronomical significance.

Messier 25 (IC 4725)

Messier 25, also identified as IC 4725, is a stunning open star cluster located in the constellation of Sagittarius.

Comprising hundreds of stars, Messier 25 forms a beautiful and compact grouping visible to observers on Earth.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Sagittarius
  • Designations: Messier 25, M25, IC 4725, Collinder 382, Melotte 204, C 1828-192, MWSC 2940

This cluster, estimated to be around 90 million years old, showcases a diverse array of stellar colors and magnitudes.

Its striking appearance and relatively young age make Messier 25 a favorite target for amateur astronomers and astrophotographers alike.

Messier 26 (NGC 6694)

Messier 26, cataloged as NGC 6694, stands as a captivating open star cluster situated in the constellation of Scutum.

Comprised of about 90 stars, Messier 26 forms a relatively loose grouping compared to other star clusters.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Scutum
  • Designations: Messier 26, M26, NGC 6694, Collinder 389, C 1842-094, OCl 67, MWSC 2987, h 3758

This cluster, estimated to be around 89 million years old, showcases a range of stellar sizes and luminosities.

Its proximity to the Milky Way’s galactic plane offers astronomers valuable insights into the dynamics of star formation and evolution.

Messier 27 (NGC 6626): Dumbbell Nebula

Messier 27, famously known as the Dumbbell Nebula and cataloged as NGC 6626, is a striking planetary nebula located in the constellation of Vulpecula.

With its distinctive dumbbell shape, Messier 27 stands out as one of the brightest and most recognized planetary nebulae in the night sky.

  • Object Type: Planetary nebula
  • Const. Location: Vulpecula
  • Designations: Messier 27, M27, Dumbbell Nebula, Apple Core Nebula, Diabolo Nebula, NGC 6853, Hen 2-452, BD+22 3878, CSI+22-19572, EUVE J1959+22.7, WD 1957+225, PN VV 246, PN ARO 14, PN VV’ 521, PK 060-03, RX J1959.6+2243, GCRV 12336, GC 4532, h 2060

Formed from the outer layers of a dying star ejected into space, the Dumbbell Nebula represents a beautiful and fleeting stage in stellar evolution.

Its glowing gas clouds, illuminated by the central remnant star, offer a captivating sight through telescopes, delighting observers of all ages.

Messier 28 (NGC 6626)

Messier 28, also designated as NGC 6626, is a breathtaking globular cluster nestled within the constellation of Sagittarius.

Containing hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 28 showcases the dense and tightly packed nature typical of globular clusters.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Sagittarius
  • Designations: Messier 28, M28, NGC 6626, C 1821-249, GCl 94, MWSC 2908, h 2010

This cluster, estimated to be around 11.5 billion years old, offers astronomers valuable insights into the early stages of our galaxy’s formation.

Its luminous core and surrounding halo of stars make Messier 28 a spectacular sight through telescopes, enchanting observers with its celestial beauty.

Messier 29 (NGC 6913)

Messier 29, cataloged as NGC 6913, stands as a captivating open star cluster situated in the constellation of Cygnus.

Comprised of several dozen young stars, Messier 29 forms a beautiful and compact grouping within the Milky Way.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Cygnus
  • Designations: Messier 29, M29, NGC 6913, OCl 168, Collinder 422, MWSC 3329, C 2022+383, h 2078

This cluster, estimated to be around 10 million years old, showcases the early stages of stellar evolution and star formation.

Its sparkling stars, set against the backdrop of interstellar dust and gas, make Messier 29 a delightful target for amateur astronomers.

Messier 30 (NGC 7099)

Messier 30, also known as NGC 7099, is a captivating globular cluster nestled within the constellation of Capricornus.

Comprising hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 30 displays the characteristic dense and spherical arrangement typical of globular clusters.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Capricornus
  • Designations: Messier 30, M30, NGC 7099, GCl 122, C 2137-234, MWSC 3543

This cluster, estimated to be around 13 billion years old, offers astronomers valuable insights into the early history of our galaxy.

Its concentrated core and surrounding halo of stars make Messier 30 a stunning sight through telescopes, captivating observers with its celestial beauty.

Messier 31 (NGC 224): Andromeda Galaxy

Messier 31, famously known as the Andromeda Galaxy and cataloged as NGC 224, stands as a majestic spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Andromeda.

As the closest spiral galaxy to the Milky Way, Messier 31 is a prominent member of the Local Group of galaxies.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Andromeda
  • Designations: Messier 31, M31, Andromeda Galaxy, NGC 224, LEDA 2557, Bode 3, Flamsteed 58, PGC 2557, UGC 454, Hevelius 32, GC 116, CGCG 535-17, MCG +07-02-016, IRAS 00400+4059, 2MASX J00424433+4116074, h 50, Ha 3.3, IRC +40013, GIN 801, DA 21, K79 1C, RAFLG 104, 2C 56 (core)

This galaxy, estimated to be around 2.5 million light-years away, spans an immense 220,000 light-years in diameter.

Its mesmerizing spiral arms and vast stellar population make the Andromeda Galaxy a breathtaking sight in the night sky, captivating observers with its cosmic grandeur.

Messier 32 (NGC 221): Le Gentil

Messier 32, also referred to as NGC 221 and sometimes known as Le Gentil, is a compact elliptical galaxy situated in the constellation of Andromeda.

Part of the Local Group of galaxies, Messier 32 orbits the larger Andromeda Galaxy (Messier 31), serving as one of its satellite galaxies.

  • Object Type: Dwarf elliptical galaxy
  • Const. Location: Andromeda
  • Designations: Messier 32, M32, Le Gentil, NGC 221, Arp 168, PGC 2555, UGC 452, LEDA 2555, BD+40 147, IRAS 00399+4035

This galaxy, located about 2.65 million light-years away, contains a dense core of older stars and lacks the prominent spiral arms seen in its larger companion.

Its relatively small size and proximity to the Andromeda Galaxy make Messier 32 a fascinating object for astronomers studying galaxy dynamics and interactions.

Messier 33 (NGC 598): Triangulum Galaxy

Messier 33, commonly known as the Triangulum Galaxy and cataloged as NGC 598, graces the constellation of Triangulum with its ethereal presence.

As the third-largest member of the Local Group of galaxies, Messier 33 is a sprawling spiral galaxy spanning approximately 50,000 light-years in diameter.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Triangulum
  • Designations: Messier 33, M33, Triangulum Galaxy, NGC 598, Triangulum Pinwheel, LEDA 5818, 2E 409, PGC 005818, UGC 1117, MCG +05-04-069, 1ES 0131+303, RX J0133.8+3039, RBS 214, TC 906

Located about 3 million light-years away, this galaxy boasts intricate spiral arms adorned with regions of active star formation.

Its proximity and stunning structure make the Triangulum Galaxy a favorite target for amateur astronomers and a rich subject for scientific study.

Messier 34 (NGC 1039)

Messier 34, also designated as NGC 1039, is a captivating open star cluster situated in the constellation of Perseus.

Comprising hundreds of young stars, Messier 34 forms a beautiful and compact grouping within the Milky Way.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Perseus
  • Designations: Messier 34, M34, NGC 1039, Collinder 31, OCl 382, C 0238+425, MWSC 0223

This cluster, estimated to be around 180 million years old, showcases a diverse array of stellar sizes and luminosities.

Its sparkling stars, visible to the naked eye in dark skies, make Messier 34 a delightful target for amateur astronomers.

Messier 35 (NGC 2168)

Messier 35, cataloged as NGC 2168, stands as a spectacular open star cluster located in the constellation of Gemini.

Comprising hundreds of stars, Messier 35 forms a stunning and expansive grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Gemini
  • Designations: Messier 35, M35, NGC 2168, Collinder 82, C 0605+243, OCl 466.0, MWSC 0754

This cluster, estimated to be around 100 million years old, showcases a rich variety of stellar sizes, colors, and ages.

Its bright stars and easily observable nature make Messier 35 a favorite target for amateur astronomers and a fascinating subject for scientific inquiry.

Messier 36 (NGC 1960): Pinwheel Cluster

Messier 36, also known as NGC 1960, is a dazzling open star cluster often referred to as the Pinwheel Cluster, located in the constellation of Auriga.

Comprised of several dozen stars, Messier 36 forms a striking and intricate pattern resembling the spokes of a wheel.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Auriga
  • Designations: Messier 36, M36, NGC 1960, Collinder 71, C 0532+341, OCISM 103, OCl 445, MWSC 0594

This cluster, estimated to be around 25 million years old, showcases a youthful population of stars in various stages of evolution.

Its distinctive shape and relative proximity make Messier 36 a popular target for amateur astronomers seeking to explore the wonders of the cosmos.

Messier 37 (NGC 2099)

Messier 37, also cataloged as NGC 2099, stands as a breathtaking open star cluster situated in the constellation of Auriga.

Comprising hundreds of stars, Messier 37 forms a dense and intricate grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Auriga
  • Designations: Messier 37, M37, NGC 2099, Collinder 75, C 0549+325, MWSC 0689

This cluster, estimated to be around 347 million years old, showcases a diverse array of stellar sizes, colors, and ages.

Its prominent position and remarkable beauty make Messier 37 a favorite target for amateur astronomers and a captivating subject for scientific study.

Messier 38 (NGC 1912): Starfish Cluster

Messier 38, also identified as NGC 1912, is a stunning open star cluster affectionately known as the Starfish Cluster, located in the constellation of Auriga.

Comprised of dozens of stars, Messier 38 forms a captivating arrangement resembling the arms of a starfish.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Auriga
  • Designations: Messier 38, M38, NGC 1912, Collinder 67, OCl 433.0, C 0525+358, MWSC 0557

This cluster, estimated to be around 220 million years old, showcases a variety of stellar sizes, colors, and stages of evolution.

Its distinctive shape and relative proximity make Messier 38 a popular target for amateur astronomers eager to explore the wonders of the cosmos.

Messier 39 (NGC 7092)

Messier 39, cataloged as NGC 7092, is a captivating open star cluster nestled within the constellation of Cygnus.

Comprising several dozen stars, Messier 39 forms a loose and scattered grouping within the Milky Way.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Cygnus
  • Designations: Messier 39, M39, NGC 7092, Collinder 438, C 2130+482, OCl 211.0, MWSC 3521

This cluster, estimated to be around 300 million years old, showcases a diverse array of stellar sizes, colors, and ages.

Its accessibility to observers and relatively young age make Messier 39 an intriguing target for amateur astronomers exploring the night sky.

Messier 40 (WNC 4): Winnecke 4

Messier 40, also designated as WNC 4 and known as Winnecke 4, is a unique double star system located in the constellation of Ursa Major.

Originally cataloged by Charles Messier in 1764, Messier 40 was later found to be an optical double star rather than a true celestial object.

  • Object Type: Double star
  • Const. Location: Ursa Major
  • Designations: Messier 40, M40, Winnecke 4, WNC 4, BD+56 1372, CCDM 12223+5805, WDS J12222+5805AB, HD 238107 and HD 238108, SAO 28353 and SAO 28355,

This system consists of two unrelated stars: 70 Ophiuchi and HD 238107, appearing close together in the sky purely by chance.

Despite its simple nature, Messier 40 remains an intriguing historical curiosity in the annals of astronomy.

Messier 41 (NGC 2287)

Messier 41, cataloged as NGC 2287, is a dazzling open star cluster located in the constellation of Canis Major.

Comprising hundreds of stars, Messier 41 forms a beautiful and compact grouping within the Milky Way.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Canis Major
  • Designations: Messier 41, M41, NGC 2287, Collinder 118, C 0644-206, OCl 597.0, MWSC 0978

This cluster, estimated to be around 190 million years old, showcases a rich variety of stellar sizes, colors, and ages.

Its relatively large size and bright stars make Messier 41 a popular target for amateur astronomers exploring the wonders of the night sky.

Messier 42 (NGC 1976): Orion Nebula

Messier 42, famously known as the Orion Nebula and cataloged as NGC 1976, stands as a stunning emission nebula located in the constellation of Orion.

One of the brightest nebulae visible to the naked eye, Messier 42 is a stellar nursery where new stars are born from the surrounding gas and dust.

  • Object Type: Emission-reflection nebula
  • Const. Location: Orion
  • Designations: Messier 42, M42, Orion Nebula, Great Orion Nebula, NGC 1976, Sharpless 281, 3C 145, LBN 209.13-19.35, LBN 974, PKS 0532-054, MWSC 0582

This nebula, situated approximately 1,344 light-years away, spans about 24 light-years across its diameter.

Its vibrant colors and intricate details make the Orion Nebula a favorite target for amateur astronomers and a rich subject for scientific study.

Messier 43 (NGC 1982): De Mairan’s Nebula

Messier 43, also designated as NGC 1982, is a fascinating emission nebula known as De Mairan’s Nebula, located adjacent to the Orion Nebula in the constellation of Orion.

Often considered a part of the larger Orion Nebula complex, Messier 43 exhibits its own distinct structure and characteristics.

  • Object Type: Emission-reflection nebula
  • Const. Location: Orion
  • Designations: Messier 43, M43, De Mairan’s Nebula, NGC 1982

This nebula, situated approximately 1,344 light-years away, shares the same region of active star formation as its famous neighbor.

Its proximity to the Orion Nebula and intricate features make Messier 43 an intriguing subject for both amateur and professional astronomers alike.

Messier 44 (NGC 2632): Beehive Cluster

Messier 44, also known as the Beehive Cluster and cataloged as NGC 2632, is a captivating open star cluster situated in the constellation of Cancer.

Comprising hundreds of stars, Messier 44 forms a dense and luminous grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Cancer
  • Designations: Messier 44, M44, Praesepe, Beehive Cluster, the Manger, NGC 2632, Melotte 88, Cr 189, OCl 507.0, MWSC 1527

This cluster, estimated to be around 600 million years old, showcases a diverse array of stellar sizes, colors, and ages.

Its distinctive name and prominent position in the night sky make the Beehive Cluster a popular target for amateur astronomers and a fascinating subject for scientific study.

Messier 45: Pleiades

Messier 45, famously known as the Pleiades or Seven Sisters, is a dazzling open star cluster located in the constellation of Taurus.

Comprising several hundred stars, the Pleiades form a striking grouping visible to the naked eye.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Taurus
  • Designations: Messier 45, M45, Pleiades, Seven Sisters, Subaru, Collinder 42, Melotte 22, C 0344+239, OCl 421.0, H 0346+24, MWSC 0305

This cluster, estimated to be around 100 million years old, boasts a blue reflection nebula created by the stars’ light scattering off surrounding dust.

Its prominent position in the winter sky and its mythology-rich history make the Pleiades a beloved celestial sight for stargazers worldwide.

Messier 46 (NGC 2437)

Messier 46, cataloged as NGC 2437, is a captivating open star cluster situated in the constellation of Puppis.

Comprising hundreds of stars, Messier 46 forms a dense and compact grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Puppis
  • Designations: Messier 46, M46, NGC 2437, Collinder 159, C 0739-147, OCl 601.0, MWSC 1313

This cluster, estimated to be around 300 million years old, showcases a diverse array of stellar sizes, colors, and ages.

Its proximity to the larger and fainter open cluster NGC 2438 adds to the visual appeal and complexity of Messier 46, making it a fascinating subject for amateur astronomers and researchers alike.

Messier 47 (NGC 2422)

Messier 47, also designated as NGC 2422, is a dazzling open star cluster nestled within the constellation of Puppis.

Comprising hundreds of stars, Messier 47 forms a conspicuous and tightly packed grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Puppis
  • Designations: Messier 47, M47, NGC 2422, Collinder 152, C 0734-143, OCl 596.0, MWSC 1278

This cluster, estimated to be around 78 million years old, showcases a rich variety of stellar sizes, colors, and stages of evolution.

Its bright stars and relatively young age make Messier 47 a favored target for amateur astronomers exploring the wonders of the night sky.

Messier 48 (NGC 2548)

Messier 48, cataloged as NGC 2548, is a striking open star cluster located in the constellation of Hydra.

Comprising hundreds of stars, Messier 48 forms a beautiful and relatively sparse grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: (NGC 2548)
  • Designations: Messier 48, M48, NGC 2548, Collinder 179, C 0811-056, MWSC 1454

This cluster, estimated to be around 300 million years old, showcases a diverse array of stellar sizes, colors, and ages.

Its distinctive appearance and relative proximity make Messier 48 an appealing target for amateur astronomers and a fascinating subject for scientific study.

Messier 49 (NGC 4472)

Messier 49, also known as NGC 4472, is a remarkable elliptical galaxy situated in the constellation of Virgo.

Composed primarily of older stars, Messier 49 lacks the prominent spiral arms characteristic of spiral galaxies.

  • Object Type: Elliptical galaxy
  • Const. Location: Virgo
  • Designations: Messier 49, M49, NGC 4472, Arp 134, PGC 41220, UGC 7629, VCC 1226, XSS J12312+0833, RGB J1229.8+0800, GIN 781

This galaxy, located approximately 55 million light-years away, is one of the brightest members of the Virgo Cluster.

Its massive size and central supermassive black hole make Messier 49 a fascinating subject for astronomers studying galaxy evolution and dynamics.

Messier 50 (NGC 2323): Heart-Shaped Cluster

Messier 50, also designated as NGC 2323, is a stunning open star cluster often referred to as the Heart-Shaped Cluster, located in the constellation of Monoceros.

Comprising hundreds of stars, Messier 50 forms a beautiful and compact grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Monoceros
  • Designations: Messier 50, M50, NGC 2323, Collinder 124, OCl 559.0, C 0700-082, MWSC 1072

This cluster, estimated to be around 78 million years old, showcases a rich variety of stellar sizes, colors, and ages.

Its distinctive heart-like shape and relative proximity make Messier 50 a favored target for amateur astronomers and a captivating subject for scientific study.

Messier 51 (NGC 2323): Whirlpool Galaxy

Messier 51, also known as the Whirlpool Galaxy and cataloged as NGC 5194, is a breathtaking spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Canes Venatici.

Part of a gravitational interaction with its companion galaxy, NGC 5195, Messier 51 exhibits prominent spiral arms and active star formation regions.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Canes Venatici
  • Designations: Messier 51, M51, M51a, NGC 5194, Whirlpool Galaxy, Rosse’s Galaxy, Question Mark Galaxy, PGC 47404, UGC 8493, Arp 85, GC 3572, VV 001a, VV 403, BD+47 2063, IRAS 13277+4727, 1RXS J132953.8+471143, TC 827

This galaxy, situated approximately 23 million light-years away, provides astronomers with valuable insights into galactic interactions and star formation processes.

Its striking appearance and intricate structure make the Whirlpool Galaxy a favorite target for amateur astronomers and a significant subject for scientific research.

Messier 52 (NGC 7654)

Messier 52, also cataloged as NGC 7654, is a dazzling open star cluster situated in the constellation of Cassiopeia.

Comprising hundreds of stars, Messier 52 forms a stunning and relatively dense grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Cassiopeia
  • Designations: Messier 52, M52, NGC 7654, Collinder 455, OCl 260, C 2322+613, MWSC 3725

This cluster, estimated to be around 35 million years old, showcases a rich variety of stellar sizes, colors, and stages of evolution.

Its prominent location and vibrant stars make Messier 52 a favored target for amateur astronomers exploring the wonders of the night sky.

Messier 53 (NGC 5024)

Messier 53, also known as NGC 5024, is a captivating globular cluster located in the constellation of Coma Berenices.

Comprising hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 53 forms a dense and spherical grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Coma Berenices
  • Designations: Messier 53, M53, NGC 5024, GCl 22, C 1310+184, MWSC 2094

This cluster, estimated to be around 12.7 billion years old, is one of the oldest globular clusters in the Milky Way.

Its luminous core and surrounding halo of stars make Messier 53 a stunning sight through telescopes, captivating observers with its celestial beauty.

Messier 54 (NGC 6715)

Messier 54, cataloged as NGC 6715, is an intriguing globular cluster nestled within the constellation of Sagittarius.

Composed of hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 54 forms a dense and spherical grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Sagittarius
  • Designations: Messier 54, M54, NGC 6715, GCl 104, C 1851-305, MWSC 3023

This cluster, estimated to be around 11.5 billion years old, represents one of the oldest known globular clusters in the Milky Way.

Its proximity to the center of the galaxy and unique characteristics make Messier 54 a fascinating subject for astronomers studying galactic dynamics and stellar populations.

Messier 55 (NGC 6809): Summer Rose Star

Messier 55, also identified as NGC 6809, is a captivating globular cluster often referred to as the Summer Rose Star, situated in the constellation of Sagittarius.

Comprising hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 55 forms a dense and spherical arrangement within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Sagittarius
  • Designations: Messier 55, M55, NGC 6809, Summer Rose Star, GCl 113, C 1936-310, MWSC 3150

This cluster, estimated to be around 13 billion years old, ranks among the oldest globular clusters in the Milky Way.

Its distinctive moniker and prominent position in the summer sky make Messier 55 a cherished target for amateur astronomers and a valuable subject for scientific research.

Messier 56 (NGC 6779)

Messier 56, also cataloged as NGC 6779, is a captivating globular cluster nestled within the constellation of Lyra.

Comprised of hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 56 forms a dense and spherical grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Lyra
  • Designations: Messer 56, M56, NGC 6779, GCl 110, C 1914+300, GCRV 11736, MWSC 3077

This cluster, estimated to be around 13 billion years old, represents one of the oldest globular clusters known in the Milky Way.

Its position in the halo of the galaxy and unique stellar population make Messier 56 an intriguing target for astronomers studying galactic structure and evolution.

Messier 57 (NGC 6720): Ring Nebula

Messier 57, famously known as the Ring Nebula and cataloged as NGC 6720, is a stunning planetary nebula located in the constellation of Lyra.

Formed from the outer layers of a dying star, Messier 57 showcases a distinct ring-like structure, hence its popular name.

  • Object Type: Planetary nebula
  • Const. Location: Lyra
  • Designations: Messier 57, M57, NGC 6720, Ring Nebula, PK 063+13 1, GC 4447, BD+32 3246, CSI+32-18517, VV 214, WD 1851+329, GSC2 N0223131306, PN G063.1+13.9

This nebula, situated approximately 2,000 light-years away, offers astronomers valuable insights into the late stages of stellar evolution.

Its striking appearance and relatively bright nature make the Ring Nebula a beloved target for amateur astronomers and a rich subject for scientific study.

Messier 58 (NGC 4579)

Messier 58, also identified as NGC 4579, is an impressive barred spiral galaxy situated in the constellation of Virgo.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 58 exhibits prominent spiral arms and a central bar structure.

  • Object Type: Barred spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Virgo
  • Designations: Messier 58, M58, NGC 4579, PGC 42168, UGC 7796, GC 3121, VCC 1727, RX J1237.7+1149, IRAS 12351+1205

This galaxy, located approximately 68 million light-years away, is notable for its active star formation and bright nucleus.

Its intricate structure and distant location make Messier 58 a captivating subject for astronomers studying galaxy morphology and evolution.

Messier 59 (NGC 4621)

Messier 59, also cataloged as NGC 4621, is a striking elliptical galaxy located in the constellation of Virgo.

Comprised of billions of stars, Messier 59 exhibits a smooth and elongated shape characteristic of elliptical galaxies.

  • Object Type: Elliptical galaxy
  • Const. Location: Virgo
  • Designations: Messier 59, M59, NGC 4621, PGC 42628, UGC 7858, GC 3155, VCC 1903, Z 1239.5+1155, 2E 1239.5+1155, MCG+02-32-183

This galaxy, situated approximately 60 million light-years away, is part of the Virgo Cluster of galaxies.

Its relatively compact nature and lack of prominent features make Messier 59 a fascinating subject for astronomers studying galaxy formation and dynamics within dense clusters.

Messier 60 (NGC 4649)

Messier 60, also identified as NGC 4649, is a remarkable elliptical galaxy situated in the constellation of Virgo.

Composed of billions of stars, Messier 60 showcases a smooth and elongated structure typical of elliptical galaxies.

  • Object Type: Elliptical galaxy
  • Const. Location: Virgo
  • Designations: Messier 60, M60, NGC 4649, PGC 42831, UGC 7898, GC 3182, Arp 116, 2E 1241.1+1149, 2MASX J12434000+1133093, MCG+02-33-002, RBS 1150, RX J1243.6+1133, VCC 1978, VV 206a, Z 1241.1+1150

This galaxy, located approximately 55 million light-years away, is a prominent member of the Virgo Cluster.

Its dense core and surrounding halo of stars make Messier 60 an intriguing target for astronomers studying galaxy dynamics and stellar populations within dense clusters.

Messier 61 (NGC 4303)

Messier 61, cataloged as NGC 4303, is a captivating spiral galaxy nestled within the constellation of Virgo.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 61 displays prominent spiral arms and intricate dust lanes.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Virgo
  • Designations: Messier 61, M61, NGC 4303, PGC 040001, UGC 07420, MCG +01-32-022, USGC U490 NED310, MRC 1219+047, GC 2878, BWE 1219+0445, 2E 1219.3+0445, IRAS F12193+0445, NVSS J122154+042825, RGB J1221.8+0429, RX J1221.9+0429, VCC 508, Z 42-45

This galaxy, located approximately 55 million light-years away, is renowned for its active star-forming regions and bright nucleus.

Its dynamic structure and ongoing star formation make Messier 61 a fascinating subject for astronomers studying galaxy evolution and morphology.

Messier 62 (NGC 6266)

Messier 62, also known as NGC 6266, is a stunning globular cluster situated in the constellation of Ophiuchus.

Comprising hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 62 forms a dense and spherical grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Ophiuchus
  • Const. Location: Globular cluster
  • Designations: Messier 62, M62, NGC 6626, GCl 51, C 1658-300, MWSC 2512

This cluster, estimated to be around 12 billion years old, represents one of the oldest globular clusters known in the Milky Way.

Its luminous core and surrounding halo of stars make Messier 62 a captivating sight through telescopes, captivating observers with its celestial beauty.

Messier 63 (NGC 5055): Sunflower Galaxy

Messier 63, also called the Sunflower Galaxy or NGC 5055, is a stunning spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Canes Venatici.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 63 boasts prominent spiral arms adorned with regions of active star formation.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Canes Venatici
  • Designations: Messier 63, M63, NGC 5055, Sunflower Galaxy, PGC 46153, UGC 8334, B3 1313+422, IRAS F13135+4217, MCG+07-27-054, SDSS J131549.26+420145.8, Z 1313.5+4217

This galaxy, situated approximately 27 million light-years away, shines brightly in the cosmic expanse.

Its intricate structure and distant location make Messier 63 a cherished target for amateur astronomers and a valuable subject for scientific study.

Messier 64 (NGC 4826): Black Eye Galaxy

Messier 64, famously known as the Black Eye Galaxy or NGC 4826, is a captivating spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Coma Berenices.

Distinguished by a prominent dark band of dust obscuring one side of its nucleus, Messier 64 resembles a black eye against a glowing background.

  • Object Type: Coma Berenices
  • Const. Location: Spiral galaxy
  • Designations: Messier 64, M64, NGC 4826, Black Eye Galaxy, Sleeping Beauty Galaxy, Evil Eye Galaxy, PGC 44182, UGC 8062, 2E 1254.2+2157, IRAS F12542+2157, MCG+04-31-001

This galaxy, located approximately 24 million light-years away, harbors regions of active star formation within its spiral arms.

Its striking appearance and enigmatic features make Messier 64 a beloved target for amateur astronomers and a significant subject for scientific research.

Messier 65 (NGC 3623)

Messier 65, cataloged as NGC 3623, is a remarkable spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Leo.

Composed of billions of stars, Messier 65 exhibits prominent spiral arms adorned with regions of active star formation.

  • Object Type: Barred spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Leo
  • Designations: Messier 65, M65, NGC 3623, PGC 34612, UGC 6328, 2MASX J11185595+1305319, MCG+02-29-018, TC 160, Z 1116.3+1322, APG 317B

This galaxy, situated approximately 35 million light-years away, is part of the Leo Triplet, a small group of galaxies.

Its dynamic structure and intricate details make Messier 65 a captivating subject for astronomers studying galaxy evolution and interactions within galactic groups.

Messier 66 (NGC 3627)

Messier 66, also known as NGC 3627, is a striking spiral galaxy situated in the constellation of Leo.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 66 displays prominent spiral arms and intricate dust lanes

  • Object Type: Barred spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Leo
  • Designations: Messier 66, M66, NGC 3627, Arp 16, PGC 34695, UGC 6346, Ark 288, IRAS F11176+1315, 2MASX J11201502+1259286, MCG+02-29-019, RGB J1120.3+1259, VV 308a, Z 1117.6+1316

This galaxy, located approximately 36 million light-years away, is part of the Leo Triplet, a small group of galaxies.

Its active star formation regions and distinct morphology make Messier 66 a fascinating target for astronomers studying galactic dynamics and evolution within groups of galaxies.

Messier 67 (NGC 2682): King Cobra Cluster

Messier 67, also known as NGC 2682, is a captivating open star cluster situated in the constellation of Cancer.

Comprising hundreds of stars, Messier 67 forms a dense and compact grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Cancer
  • Designations: Messier 67, M67, NGC 2682, C 0847+120, Collinder 204, HR 3515, OCl 549.0, MWSC 1585

This cluster, estimated to be around 4 billion years old, showcases a rich variety of stellar sizes, colors, and ages.

While it’s not commonly referred to as the “King Cobra Cluster,” its distinctive arrangement and celestial beauty make Messier 67 a favored target for amateur astronomers exploring the wonders of the night sky.

Messier 68 (NGC 4590)

Messier 68, cataloged as NGC 4590, is a mesmerizing globular cluster nestled within the constellation of Hydra.

Comprising hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 68 forms a dense and spherical grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Hydra
  • Designations: Messier 68, M68, NGC 4590, GCl 20, C 1236-264, HD 110032, MWSC 2059

This cluster, estimated to be around 12.7 billion years old, represents one of the oldest known globular clusters in the Milky Way.

Its luminous core and surrounding halo of stars make Messier 68 a stunning sight through telescopes, captivating observers with its celestial beauty.

Messier 69 (NGC 6637)

Messier 69, cataloged as NGC 6637, is a captivating globular cluster located in the constellation of Sagittarius.

Comprising hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 69 forms a dense and spherical grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Sagittarius
  • Designations: Messier 69, M69, NGC 6637, GCl 96, C 1828-323, GCRV 10969, CD-32 14224, CPD-32 5409, HD 170534, MWSC 2936

This cluster, estimated to be around 13 billion years old, is one of the oldest globular clusters known in the Milky Way.

Its intricate structure and ancient age make Messier 69 a fascinating subject for astronomers studying stellar populations and galactic evolution.

Messier 70 (NGC 6681)

Messier 70, cataloged as NGC 6681, is a captivating globular cluster nestled within the constellation of Sagittarius.

Comprising hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 70 forms a dense and spherical arrangement within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Sagittarius
  • Designations: Messier 70, M70, NGC 6681, GCl 101, C 1840-323, MWSC 2981

This cluster, estimated to be around 13 billion years old, represents one of the oldest known globular clusters in the Milky Way.

Its luminous core and surrounding halo of stars make Messier 70 a remarkable sight through telescopes, captivating observers with its celestial beauty.

Messier 71 (NGC 6838)

Messier 71, also known as NGC 6838, is an intriguing globular cluster located in the constellation of Sagitta.

Comprising thousands of stars, Messier 71 forms a relatively loose and irregular grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Sagitta
  • Designations: Messier 71, M71, NGC 6838, Collinder 409, GCl 115, C 1951+186, CSI+18-19515, GCRV 12241, MWSC 3200

This cluster, estimated to be around 9 billion years old, showcases a unique mix of stellar sizes, colors, and ages.

Its distinctive appearance and relatively young age make Messier 71 a fascinating target for astronomers studying globular clusters and stellar populations.

Messier 72 (NGC 6981)

Messier 72, cataloged as NGC 6981, is a captivating globular cluster situated in the constellation of Aquarius.

Comprising hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 72 forms a dense and spherical grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Aquarius
  • Designations: Messier 72, M72, NGC 6981, GCl 118, C 2050-127, MWSC 3419

This cluster, estimated to be around 12 billion years old, represents one of the oldest known globular clusters in the Milky Way.

Its luminous core and surrounding halo of stars make Messier 72 a stunning sight through telescopes, captivating observers with its celestial beauty.

Messier 73 (NGC 6994)

Messier 73, also designated as NGC 6994, is an intriguing asterism rather than a true star cluster, located in the constellation of Aquarius.

Comprising several stars, Messier 73 forms a loose and somewhat linear arrangement within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Asterism
  • Const. Location: Aquarius
  • Designations: Messier 73, M73, NGC 6994, Collinder 426, C 2056-128, OCl 89

This asterism, often referred to as the “Four Stars”, has sparked debate among astronomers regarding its classification and nature.

Its enigmatic appearance and uncertain status make Messier 73 a fascinating subject for observational studies and theoretical investigations.

Messier 74 (NGC 628): Phantom Galaxy

Messier 74, also known as the Phantom Galaxy and cataloged as NGC 628, is a captivating spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Pisces.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 74 displays prominent spiral arms and intricate dust lanes.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Pisces
  • Designations: Messier 74, M74, NGC 628, PGC 5974, UGC 1149, 2E 0134.0+1531, IRAS 01340+1532, 2MASX J01364177+1547004, MCG+03-05-011, TC 18, UZC J013641.7+154659, Z 0134.0+1532, Z 460-14

This galaxy, situated approximately 32 million light-years away, is renowned for its beautiful structure and grand spiral arms.

Its ethereal appearance and distant location make Messier 74 a beloved target for amateur astronomers and a valuable subject for scientific research.

Messier 75 (NGC 6864)

Messier 75, also designated as NGC 6864, is an enchanting globular cluster situated in the constellation of Sagittarius.

Comprising hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 75 forms a dense and spherical grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Sagittarius
  • Designations: Messier 75, M75, NGC 6864, GCl 116

This cluster, estimated to be around 13 billion years old, represents one of the oldest known globular clusters in the Milky Way.

Its compact core and surrounding halo of stars make Messier 75 a captivating sight through telescopes, enticing observers with its celestial allure.

Messier 76 (NGC 650, NGC 651): Little Dumbbell Nebula

Messier 76, famously known as the Little Dumbbell Nebula and cataloged as NGC 650 and NGC 651, is a stunning planetary nebula situated in the constellation of Perseus.

Resembling a miniature version of its larger namesake, Messier 76 exhibits a distinctive dumbbell shape, hence its popular moniker.

  • Object Type: Planetary nebula
  • Const. Location: Perseus
  • Designations: Messier 76, M76, NGC 650, NGC 651, Little Dumbbell Nebula, Cork Nebula, Barbell Nebula, CSI+51-01391, IRAS F01391+5119, GCRV 950, HD 10346, PN G130.9-10.5, PK 130-10 1, KP98 1, WB 0139+5119, WD 0139+513, PN ARO 2, PN VV 6

This nebula, located approximately 2,500 light-years away, showcases intricate filamentary structures and a central star surrounded by glowing gas.

Its compact size and intricate details make the Little Dumbbell Nebula a cherished target for astrophotographers and a fascinating subject for scientific inquiry.

Messier 77 (NGC 1068): Cetus A

Messier 77, also recognized as Cetus A and cataloged as NGC 1068, is an impressive barred spiral galaxy situated in the constellation of Cetus.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 77 displays a prominent central bar structure and intricate spiral arms.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Cetus
  • Designations: Messier 77, M77, Cetus A, NGC 1068, PGC 10266, Arp 37, UGC 2188, APG 37, AT20G J024240-000046, 3C 71, 2E 649, 2E 0240.1-0013, IRAS 02401-0013, 2MASX J02424077-0000478, MCG+00-07-083, MRC 0240-002, NRAO 112, PKS J0242-0000, RBS 348, Z 388-98

This galaxy, located approximately 47 million light-years away, is famous for its active galactic nucleus, hosting a supermassive black hole.

Its dynamic features and active nucleus make Messier 77 a significant target for astronomers studying galaxy evolution and supermassive black hole phenomena.

Messier 78 (NGC 2068)

Messier 78, cataloged as NGC 2068, is a stunning reflection nebula situated in the constellation of Orion.

Comprising interstellar dust and gas illuminated by nearby stars, Messier 78 exhibits a beautiful blue glow.

  • Object Type: Reflection nebula
  • Const. Location: Orion
  • Designations: Messier 78, M78, NGC 2068, Ced 55u

This nebula, located approximately 1,600 light-years away, is part of the Orion Molecular Cloud Complex.

Its intricate structure and association with young stars make Messier 78 a captivating subject for astrophotographers and a valuable target for researchers studying star formation regions.

Messier 79 (NGC 1904)

Messier 79, also designated as NGC 1904, is a mesmerizing globular cluster located in the constellation of Lepus.

Comprising hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 79 forms a dense and spherical grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Lepus
  • Designations: Messier 79, M79, NGC 1904, GCl 10, C 0522-245, CD-24 3058, HD 35512, GCRV 3251, 1E 0522.1-2433, MWSC 0528, CPD-24 931

This cluster, estimated to be around 12 billion years old, represents one of the oldest known globular clusters in the Milky Way.

Its luminous core and surrounding halo of stars make Messier 79 a stunning sight through telescopes, captivating observers with its celestial beauty.

Messier 80 (NGC 6093)

Messier 80, cataloged as NGC 6093, is a captivating globular cluster nestled within the constellation of Scorpius.

Comprising hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 80 forms a dense and compact grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Scorpius
  • Designations: Messier 80, M80, NGC 6093, GCl 39, C 1614-228, MWSC 2376

This cluster, estimated to be around 12 billion years old, represents one of the oldest known globular clusters in the Milky Way.

Its luminous core and surrounding halo of stars make Messier 80 a mesmerizing sight through telescopes, enchanting observers with its celestial allure.

Messier 81 (NGC 3031): Bode’s Galaxy

Messier 81, also known as Bode’s Galaxy and cataloged as NGC 3031, is a spectacular spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Ursa Major.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 81 showcases prominent spiral arms and a bright nucleus.

  • Ursa Major Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Ursa Major
  • Designations: Messier 81, M81, Bode’s Galaxy, NGC 3031, PGC 28630, UGC 5318, 2E 2195, 2E 0951.4+6918, IRAS 09514+6918, 2MASX J09553318+6903549, MCG+12-10-010, RBS 808, Z 333-7, Z 0951.4+6918, SDSS J095533.16+690355.1, SDSS J095533.14+690355.2, SPB 115, TC 714, RORF 0951-693

This galaxy, situated approximately 12 million light-years away, is a favorite target for amateur astronomers due to its brightness and accessibility.

Its intricate structure and active star formation regions make Messier 81 a fascinating subject for researchers studying galaxy dynamics and evolution.

Messier 82 (NGC 3034): Cigar Galaxy

Messier 82, famously known as the Cigar Galaxy and cataloged as NGC 3034, is a striking irregular galaxy located in the constellation of Ursa Major.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 82 exhibits a distinctive elongated shape with intense star-forming regions.

  • Object Type: Starburst irregular galaxy
  • Const. Location: Ursa Major
  • Designations: Messier 82, M82, NGC 3034, Cigar Galaxy, Arp 337, PGC 28655, UGC 5322, 3C 231, BWE 0951+6954, DA 277, 2E 2197, 2E 0951.7+6955, GB6 B0951+6955, IRAS 09517+6954, INTREF 396, KPG 218b, 2MASX J09555243+6940469, MCG+12-10-011, NRAO 341, NVSS J095551+694046, PRC D-13, RAFGL 1388, RBS 809, RGB J0955.9+6940, RX J095550+69406, Z 333-8, Z 0951.7+6955, SDSS J095551.73+694048.6, UT 0951+699, UZC J095557.0+694110

This galaxy, situated approximately 12 million light-years away, is notable for its irregular structure caused by gravitational interactions with its neighboring galaxies.

Its dynamic appearance and intense starburst activity make Messier 82 a captivating target for astronomers studying galaxy interactions and star formation processes.

Messier 83 (NGC 5236): Southern Pinwheel Galaxy

Messier 83, also known as the Southern Pinwheel Galaxy and cataloged as NGC 5236, is a stunning spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Hydra.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 83 showcases prominent spiral arms adorned with regions of active star formation.

  • Object Type: Barred spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Hydra
  • Designations: Messier 83, M83, NGC 5236, Southern Pinwheel Galaxy, PGC 48082, UGCA 366, 2E 3112, 2E 1334.2-2936, ESO 444-81, IRAS 13341-2936, 2MASX J13370091-2951567, MCG-05-32-050, MRC 1334-296, MSH 13-2-05, PKS 1334-296, RBS 1293, RX J1337.0-2952, SPB 225

This galaxy, situated approximately 15 million light-years away, is a favorite target for astronomers due to its intricate structure and high level of star formation activity.

Its vibrant appearance and dynamic nature make Messier 83 a valuable subject for researchers studying galaxy evolution and stellar dynamics.

Messier 84 (NGC 4374)

Messier 84, cataloged as NGC 4374, is a remarkable lenticular galaxy located in the constellation of Virgo.

Composed primarily of older stars, Messier 84 lacks the prominent spiral arms characteristic of spiral galaxies.

  • Object Type: Lenticular or elliptical galaxy
  • Const. Location: Virgo
  • Designations: Messier 84, M84, NGC 4374, PGC 40455, VCC 763, UGC 7494, ASB 33, 3C 272.1, 4C 13.47, DA 322, 2E 2696, 2E 1222.5+1309, GIN 778, IRAS 12224+1309, 2MASX J12250377+1253130, MCG+02-32-034, NRAO 399, MRC 1222+131, PKS J1225+1253, RX J1225.0+1253, Z 70-58, Z 1222.5+1310, VPC 385

This galaxy, situated approximately 60 million light-years away, is part of the Virgo Cluster, a massive collection of galaxies.

Its relatively compact structure and lack of ongoing star formation make Messier 84 an intriguing subject for astronomers studying galaxy morphology and dynamics within galaxy clusters.

Messier 85 (NGC 4382)

Messier 85, also known as NGC 4382, is a captivating lenticular galaxy located in the constellation of Coma Berenices.

Comprising a mix of older and younger stars, Messier 85 exhibits a smooth and elongated structure typical of lenticular galaxies.

  • Object Type: Lenticular or elliptical galaxy
  • Const. Location: Coma Berenices
  • Designations: Messier 85, M85, NGC 4382, ISD 0135852, PGC 40515, UGC 7508, 2E 2700, 2E 1222.8+1828, MCG+03-32-029, 2MASX J12252405+1811278, VCC 798, Z 99-45, Z 1222.9+1828, GIN 779, KPG 334a

This galaxy, situated approximately 60 million light-years away, is a member of the Virgo Cluster, a rich cluster of galaxies.

Its relatively compact appearance and lack of prominent features make Messier 85 an intriguing subject for astronomers studying galaxy clusters and their constituent galaxies.

Messier 86 (NGC 4406)

Messier 86, cataloged as NGC 4406, is a striking lenticular galaxy located in the constellation of Virgo.

Composed mainly of older stars, Messier 86 displays a smooth and elongated structure typical of lenticular galaxies.

  • Object Type: Lenticular or elliptical galaxy
  • Const. Location: Virgo
  • Designations: Messier 86, M86, NGC 4406, PGC 40653, VCC 0881, UGC 7532, GIN 780, 2E 2707, 2E 1223.6+1312, IRAS 12234+1315, 2MASX J12261181+1256454, MCG+02-32-046, FAUST V051, VCC 881, VPC 454, Z 70-72, Z 1223.7+1314

This galaxy, situated approximately 52 million light-years away, is a prominent member of the Virgo Cluster, a massive collection of galaxies.

Its compact appearance and lack of prominent spiral arms make Messier 86 an intriguing subject for astronomers studying galaxy morphology and dynamics within galaxy clusters.

Messier 87 (NGC 4486): Virgo A

Messier 87, also known as NGC 4486, is a remarkable elliptical galaxy situated in the constellation of Virgo.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 87 exhibits a smooth and elongated structure characteristic of elliptical galaxies.

  • Object Type: Elliptical galaxy
  • Const. Location: Virgo
  • Designations: Messier 87, M87, NGC 4486, Virgo A, Smoking Gun, Virgo X-1, PGC 41361, UGC 7654, Arp 152, VCC 1316, 3C 274, 3U 1228+12, 1A 1228+12, GIN 800, H 1227+12, CTA 54, DA 325, DB 85, 2E 2744, 2E 1228.2+1240, GALEX J123049.4+122328, IRAS 12282+1240, 2MASX J12304942+1223279, MCG+02-32-105, MRC 1228+126, NRAO 401, NRL 8, PKS 1228+12, VPC 771

This galaxy, located approximately 53.5 million light-years away, is a central member of the Virgo Cluster, one of the largest galaxy clusters in the nearby universe.

Its massive size and prominent central supermassive black hole make Messier 87 an essential target for astronomers studying galaxy clusters and the dynamics of supermassive black holes.

Messier 88 (NGC 4501)

Messier 88, cataloged as NGC 4501, is a captivating spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Coma Berenices.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 88 displays prominent spiral arms adorned with regions of active star formation.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Coma Berenices
  • Designations: Messier 88, M88, NGC 4501, PGC 41517, VCC 1401, UGC 7675, 2E 2758, 2E 1229.4+1442, IRAS 12294+1441, INTREF 503, 2MASX J12315921+1425134, MCG+03-32-059, MITG J123159+1425, VPC 840, Z 99-76, Z 1229.4+1442, WB 1229+1441

This galaxy, situated approximately 47 million light-years away, is a member of the Virgo Cluster, a large galaxy cluster in the vicinity of the Milky Way.

Its dynamic structure and ongoing star formation make Messier 88 a valuable subject for astronomers studying galaxy evolution and the dynamics of galaxy clusters.

Messier 89 (NGC 4552)

Messier 89, also identified as NGC 4552, is an intriguing elliptical galaxy located in the constellation of Virgo.

Composed primarily of older stars, Messier 89 exhibits a smooth and elongated structure characteristic of elliptical galaxies.

  • Object Type: Elliptical galaxy
  • Const. Location: Virgo
  • Designations: Messier 89, M89, NGC 4552, PGC 41968, UGC 7760, BWE 1233+1248, 2E 2786, 2E 1233.1+1249, 2MASX J12353988+1233217, MCG+02-32-149, RX J1235.6+1233, VCC 1632, VPC 1012, Z 70-184, Z 1233.1+1250

This galaxy, situated approximately 50 million light-years away, is a member of the Virgo Cluster, a rich galaxy cluster in the local universe.

Its relatively compact appearance and lack of prominent features make Messier 89 an intriguing subject for astronomers studying galaxy morphology and dynamics within galaxy clusters.

Messier 90 (NGC 4569)

Messier 90, cataloged as NGC 4569, is a captivating spiral galaxy situated in the constellation of Virgo.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 90 displays prominent spiral arms adorned with regions of active star formation.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Virgo
  • Designations: Messier 90, M90, NGC 4569, Arp 76, PGC 42089, UGC 7786, 1E 1234.2+1326, IRAS 12343+1326, 2MASX J12364981+1309463, MCG+02-32-155, VPC 1082, VCC 1690, UZC J123649.7+130946, Z 70-192, Z 1234.3+1326

This galaxy, located approximately 60 million light-years away, is a member of the Virgo Cluster, a large cluster of galaxies.

Its dynamic structure and ongoing star formation make Messier 90 a valuable target for astronomers studying galaxy evolution and the dynamics of galaxy clusters.

Messier 91 (NGC 4548)

Messier 91, cataloged as NGC 4548, is a fascinating barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Coma Berenices.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 91 exhibits a distinct bar-shaped structure across its center and spiral arms extending outward.

  • Object Type: Barred spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Coma Berenices
  • Designations: Messier 91, M91, NGC 4548, PGC 41934, UGC 7753, IRAS 12328+1446, VCC 1615, VPC 995, ALFALFA 1-361, 2MASX J12352642+1429467, MCG+03-32-075, SDSS J123526.44+142946.8, ZZ 99-96, Z 1232.9+1446

This galaxy, situated approximately 63 million light-years away, is part of the Virgo Cluster, a massive collection of galaxies.

Its intricate structure and association with the Virgo Cluster make Messier 91 an intriguing subject for astronomers studying galaxy clusters and the evolution of barred spiral galaxies.

Messier 92 (NGC 6341)

Messier 92, also known as NGC 6341, is a captivating globular cluster situated in the constellation of Hercules.

Comprising hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 92 forms a dense and spherical grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Hercules
  • Designations: Messier 92, M92, NGC 6341, C 1715+432, GCl 59, MWSC 2557

This cluster, estimated to be around 14 billion years old, represents one of the oldest known globular clusters in the Milky Way.

Its luminous core and surrounding halo of stars make Messier 92 a stunning sight through telescopes, captivating observers with its celestial beauty.

Messier 93 (NGC 2447)

Messier 93, cataloged as NGC 2447, is a striking open star cluster located in the constellation of Puppis.

Comprising hundreds of stars, Messier 93 forms a beautiful and relatively compact grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Puppis
  • Designations: Messier 93, M93, NGC 2447, Collinder 160, C 0742-237, OCl 649.0, MWSC 1324

This cluster, estimated to be around 100 million years old, showcases a rich variety of stellar sizes, colors, and stages of evolution.

Its prominent location in the winter sky and its youthful age make Messier 93 a beloved celestial sight for stargazers worldwide.

Messier 94 (NGC 4736): Cat’s Eye Galaxy

Messier 94, also known as the Cat’s Eye Galaxy and cataloged as NGC 4736, is a captivating spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Canes Venatici.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 94 displays a distinct central bulge and spiral arms adorned with regions of active star formation.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Canes Venatici
  • Designations: Messier 94, M94, NGC 4736, Cat’s Eye Galaxy, Croc’s Eye Galaxy, PGC 43495, UGC 7996, BWE 1248+4123, IRAS 12485+4123, 2MASX J12505314+4107125, MCG+07-26-058, RBS 1168, RGB J1250.9+4107, RX J1250.8+4107, UZC J125053.0+410715, WB 1248+4123, Z 217-1, Z 216-34, Z 1248.5+4123, NVSS J125053+410708

This galaxy, situated approximately 16 million light-years away, is notable for its bright core and intricate dust lanes.

Its unique appearance and relatively close proximity make Messier 94 a favorite target for amateur astronomers and a valuable subject for scientific study.

Messier 95 (NGC 3351)

Messier 95, cataloged as NGC 3351, is a stunning barred spiral galaxy situated in the constellation of Leo.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 95 exhibits a prominent central bar structure and tightly wound spiral arms.

  • Object Type: Barred spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Leo
  • Designations: Messier 95, M95, NGC 3351, PGC 32007, UGC 5850, Z 66-4, Z 1041.4+1158, ALFALFA 5-309, IRAS 10413+1158, 2MASX J10435773+1142129, MCG+02-28-001, TC 726, UZC J104357.8+114214

This galaxy, located approximately 38 million light-years away, is a member of the Leo I Group, a collection of galaxies gravitationally bound together.

Its intricate structure and association with galaxy groups make Messier 95 an intriguing subject for astronomers studying galaxy morphology and dynamics within galactic clusters.

Messier 96 (NGC 3368)

Messier 96, also known as NGC 3368, is a mesmerizing spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Leo.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 96 exhibits a prominent central bulge and well-defined spiral arms.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Leo
  • Designations: Messier 96, M96, NGC 3368, PGC 32192, ALFALFA 5-321, TC 532, UGC 5882, Z 66-13, Z 1044.1+1205, EQ 1044+120, IRAS 10441+1205, 2MASX J10464574+1149117, MCG+02-28-006, SDSS J104645.67+114911.8

This galaxy, situated approximately 31 million light-years away, is a member of the Leo I Group, a small group of galaxies.

Its vibrant appearance and relatively close proximity make Messier 96 a favored target for amateur astronomers and a valuable subject for scientific study.

Messier 97 (NGC 3587): Owl Nebula

Messier 97, also named the Owl Nebula and cataloged as NGC 3587, is a captivating planetary nebula situated in the constellation of Ursa Major.

Resembling the eyes of an owl, Messier 97 showcases two dark patches amidst a glowing halo of gas.

  • Object Type: Planetary nebula
  • Const. Location: Ursa Major
  • Designations: Messier 97, M97, NGC 3587, Owl Nebula, VV 59, VV 107, ARO 25, LJHY 9, AG82 135, BWE 1111+5517, CSI+55-11119, GB6 B1111+5517, EUVE J1114+55.0, GCRV 6897, IRAS 11119+5517, 2MASS J11144772+5501085, PK 148+57 1, PN G148.4+57.0, SDSS J111447.71+550108.4, SDSS J111447.70+550108.7, WD 1111+552

This nebula, located approximately 2,600 light-years away, is formed from the outer layers of a dying star expelled into space.

Its distinctive appearance and relatively close proximity make Messier 97 a popular target for amateur astronomers and a fascinating subject for scientific research.

Messier 98 (NGC 4192)

Messier 98, cataloged as NGC 4192, is a remarkable spiral galaxy situated in the constellation of Coma Berenices.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 98 displays tightly wound spiral arms and a prominent central bulge.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Coma Berenices
  • Designations: Messier 98, M98, NGC 4192, PGC 39028, ALFALFA 1-177, UGC 7231, VCC 92, Z 98-108, Z 1211.2+1510, INTREF 480, IRAS 12112+1510, 2MASX J12134829+1454016, MCG+03-31-079, NVSS B121115+151032, UZC J121348.2+145400

This galaxy, located approximately 44 million light-years away, is known for its bright nucleus and intricate dust lanes.

Its dynamic structure and relatively close proximity make Messier 98 a valuable target for astronomers studying galaxy morphology and stellar populations.

Messier 99 (NGC 4254): Coma Pinwheel

Messier 99, cataloged as NGC 4254, is a striking spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Coma Berenices.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 99 exhibits prominent spiral arms and a bright central region.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Coma Berenices
  • Designations: Messier 99, M99, NGC 4254, Coma Pinwheel, Virgo Cluster Pinwheel, PGC 39578, ALFALFA 1-248, UGC 7345, VCC 307, Z 98-144, Z 99-11, Z 1216.3+1442, 2E 2650, 2E 1216.3+1441, GB6 B1216+1442, IRAS 12162+1441, 2MASX J12184962+1424593, MCG+03-31-099, MRC 1216+146, NVSS J121850+142450, NVSS B121617+144129, SDSS J121849.60+142459.4, 1RXS J121853.8+142602, UZC J121849.6+142501, HIPASS J1218+14

This galaxy, situated approximately 50 million light-years away, is notable for its active star-forming regions and bright nucleus.

Its vibrant appearance and relatively close proximity make Messier 99 a favored target for amateur astronomers and a valuable subject for scientific study.

Messier 100 (NGC 4321)

Messier 100, also known as NGC 4321, is a breathtaking spiral galaxy situated in the constellation of Coma Berenices.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 100 showcases grand spiral arms and a prominent central bulge.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Coma Berenices
  • Designations: Messier 100, M100, NGC 4321, PGC 40153, ALFALFA 1-289, UGC 7450, VCC 596, 2E 2684, 2E 1220.3+1605, GB6 B1220+1605, HIPASS J1222+15, IRAS 12204+1605, 2MASX J12225489+1549205, MCG+03-32-015, NVSS B122022+160601, SDSS J122254.91+154920.2, UZC J122255.0+154922, Z 99-30, Z 1220.4+1606

This galaxy, located approximately 55 million light-years away, is notable for its vivid appearance and active star-forming regions.

Its stunning structure and relatively close proximity make Messier 100 a cherished target for amateur astronomers and a valuable subject for scientific research.

Messier 101 (NGC 5457): Pinwheel Galaxy

Messier 101, also known as the Pinwheel Galaxy and cataloged as NGC 5457, is a captivating spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Ursa Major.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 101 displays grand spiral arms and a bright central nucleus.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Ursa Major
  • Designations: Messier 101, M101, NGC 5457, Pinwheel Galaxy, Arp 26, PGC 50063, UGC 8981, APG 26, K73 610, IRAS 14013+5435, 2MASX J14031258+5420555, MCG+09-23-028, SDSS J140312.52+542056.2, SPB 243, TC 302, VV 344, VV 344a, VV 456, UZC J140312.5+542056, Z 272-21, Z 1401.5+5435

This galaxy, situated approximately 21 million light-years away, is famous for its striking appearance and active star formation regions.

Its vibrant structure and relatively close proximity make Messier 101 a beloved target for amateur astronomers and a valuable subject for scientific inquiry.

Messier 102 (NGC 5866): Spindle Galaxy

Messier 102, also known as NGC 5866, is a fascinating lenticular galaxy located in the constellation of Draco.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 102 exhibits a smooth and elongated structure typical of lenticular galaxies.

  • Object Type: Lenticular galaxy
  • Const. Location: Draco
  • Designations: Messier 102, M102, NGC 5866, Spindle Galaxy, PGC 53933, UGC 9723, 1E 1505.1+5557, IRAS 15051+5557, 2MASX J15062956+5545479, MCG+09-25-017, UZC J150629.4+554548, Z 274-16, Z 1505.1+5557

This galaxy, situated approximately 44 million light-years away, is notable for its prominent dust lane crossing its central region.

Its distinctive appearance and relatively close proximity make Messier 102 an intriguing target for astronomers studying galaxy morphology and dynamics.

Messier 103 (NGC 581)

Messier 103, also known as NGC 581, is a stunning open star cluster located in the constellation of Cassiopeia.

Composed of about 40 stars, Messier 103 forms a loose and irregular grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Open cluster
  • Const. Location: Cassiopeia
  • Designations: Messier 103, M103, NGC 581, Collinder 14, C 0129+604, OCISM 75, OCl 326, MWSC 0124

This cluster, estimated to be around 25 million years old, features a beautiful arrangement of stars of various ages and luminosities.

Its conspicuous appearance and relatively close proximity make Messier 103 a beloved target for amateur astronomers and a valuable subject for scientific study.

Messier 104 (NGC 4594): Sombrero Galaxy

Messier 104, famously known as the Sombrero Galaxy and cataloged as NGC 4594, is a stunning spiral galaxy situated in the constellation of Virgo.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 104 showcases a prominent central bulge and a distinctive dark dust lane resembling the brim of a sombrero hat.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Virgo
  • Designations: Messier 104, M104, NGC 4594, Sombrero Galaxy, PGC 3132, UGC 293, AT20G J123959-113721, 1E 1237.3-1120, 2E 2814, EQ 1237-113, IERS B1237-113, ICRF J123959.4-113722, IRAS 12373-1121, 2MASX J12395949-1137230, MCG-02-32-020, NVSS J123959-113723, 1RXS J123959.8-113725, VCS4 J1239-1137

This galaxy, located approximately 28 million light-years away, captivates observers with its striking appearance and intricate spiral arms.

Its unique features and relatively close proximity make Messier 104 a beloved target for amateur astronomers and a valuable subject for scientific study.

Messier 105 (NGC 3379)

Messier 105, also identified as NGC 3379, is a remarkable elliptical galaxy situated in the constellation of Leo.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 105 exhibits a smooth and elongated structure characteristic of elliptical galaxies.

  • Object Type: Elliptical galaxy
  • Const. Location: Leo
  • Designations: Messier 105, M105, NGC 3379, PGC 32256, UGC 5902, 2MASX J10474959+1234538, MCG+02-28-011, GIN 773, K79 33A, Z 66-18, Z 1045.2+1251, UZC J104749.6+123453

This galaxy, located approximately 32 million light-years away, is part of the Leo I Group, a collection of galaxies gravitationally bound together.

Its massive size and relatively stable appearance make Messier 105 an intriguing subject for astronomers studying galaxy morphology and the dynamics of galaxy groups.

Messier 106 (NGC 4258)

Messier 106, also known as NGC 4258, is a striking spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Canes Venatici.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 106 displays tightly wound spiral arms and a bright central nucleus.

  • Object Type: Spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Canes Venatici
  • Designations: Messier 106, M106, NGC 4258, PGC 39600, UGC 7353, 2MASX J12185761+4718133, MCG+08-22-104, B3 1216+475, GB1 1216+476, 87GB 121625.0+473537, PBC J1218.9+4718, RX J1219.0+4717, RX J1218.9+4718, 1RXS J121900.4+471747, SDSS J121857.50+471814.3, SWIFT J1219.4+4720, SWIFT J1219.0+4715, VV 448, UZC J121857.7+471820, XSS J12190+4715, Z 243-67, Z 244-3, Z 1216.5+4735

This galaxy, situated approximately 23.5 million light-years away, is notable for its active galactic nucleus, which harbors a supermassive black hole.

Its dynamic structure and active star-forming regions make Messier 106 a valuable subject for astronomers studying galaxy evolution and the dynamics of supermassive black holes.

Messier 107 (NGC 6171)

Messier 107, cataloged as NGC 6171, is a captivating globular cluster situated in the constellation of Ophiuchus.

Comprising hundreds of thousands of stars, Messier 107 forms a dense and spherical grouping within our galaxy.

  • Object Type: Globular cluster
  • Const. Location: Ophiuchus
  • Designations: Messier 107, M107, NGC 6171, GCl 44, C 1629-129, MWSC 2422

This cluster, estimated to be around 13 billion years old, represents one of the oldest known globular clusters in the Milky Way.

Its luminous core and surrounding halo of stars make Messier 107 a stunning sight through telescopes, captivating observers with its celestial beauty.

Messier 108 (NGC 3556): Surfboard Galaxy

Messier 108, also known as the Surfboard Galaxy and cataloged as NGC 3556, is a striking spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Ursa Major.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 108 exhibits prominent spiral arms and a bright central nucleus.

  • Object Type: Barred spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Ursa Major
  • Designations: Messier 108, M108, NGC 3556, PGC 34030, UGC 6225, TC E17, TC 917, BWE 1108+5556, 87GB 110837.4+555624, IRAS 11085+5556, K73 469, LJHY 8, 2MASX J11113096+5540268, MCG+09-18-098, 2MFGC 8733, NVSS J111130+554027, SDSS J111131.06+554027.4, TC 917, UZC J111131.2+554025, WB 1108+5556, Z 268-1, Z 267-48, Z 1108.5+5556

This galaxy, situated approximately 45 million light-years away, is notable for its elongated shape, resembling a surfboard.

Its unique appearance and relatively close proximity make Messier 108 a favored target for amateur astronomers and a valuable subject for scientific study.

Messier 109 (NGC 3992)

Messier 109, cataloged as NGC 3992, is a captivating barred spiral galaxy situated in the constellation of Ursa Major.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 109 displays a distinct central bar structure and tightly wound spiral arms.

  • Object Type: Barred spiral galaxy
  • Const. Location: Ursa Major
  • Designations: Messier 109, M109, NGC 3992, PGC 37617, UGC 6937, EQ 1155+536, TC 755, TC E19, Z 269-23, Z 1155.0+5339, UZC J115736.0+532229, IRAS 11549+5339, IRAS 11550+5339, 2MASX J11573598+5322282, MCG+09-20-044, SDSS J115735.97+532228.9

This galaxy, located approximately 83 million light-years away, is notable for its intricate spiral structure and active star formation regions.

Its vibrant appearance and relatively close proximity make Messier 109 a favored target for amateur astronomers and a valuable subject for scientific study.

Messier 110 (NGC 205): Edward Young Star

Messier 110, also known as NGC 205, is a dwarf elliptical galaxy located in the constellation of Andromeda.

Comprising billions of stars, Messier 110 exhibits a smooth and elongated structure characteristic of elliptical galaxies.

  • Object Type: Dwarf elliptical galaxy
  • Const. Location: Andromeda
  • Designations: Messier 110, M110, NGC 205, PGC 2429, UGC 426, IRAS 00376+4124, ISOSS J00403+4140, 2MASX J00402207+4141070, MCG+07-02-014, UZC J004022.0+414107, Z 535-14, Z 0037.6+4125

This galaxy, located approximately 2.7 million light-years away, is a satellite galaxy of the Andromeda Galaxy (M31).

Its relatively small size and proximity to the larger Andromeda Galaxy make Messier 110 a fascinating subject for astronomers studying galactic interactions and satellite galaxies.

Observing the Messier Objects

Amateur astronomers often embark on a “Messier Marathon”.

It’s an observational challenge to spot all the catalog’s objects in one night, possible only in late March or early April when the night sky allows for such a feat.

This pursuit not only connects observers with the history of astronomy but also with the tangible joy of discovering the universe’s wonders firsthand.